ABSTRACT
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is the most common type of idiopathic interstitial pneumonia. In recent years, studies have found that the morbidity of IPF is significantly underestimated. Therefore, IPF has caused widely concern. Acute exacerbation of IPF (AE-IFP) is an independent risk factor for IPF prognosis and the most common cause of death in IPF patients. Due to the high mortality of AE-IPF, its prognosis is devastating. In this review, many aspects of AE-IPF, such as the epidemiology, etiology, risk factors, clinical manifestations, diagnostic standards, management and prognosis, etc, are described according to the latest research, and prospects for research trends in diagnosis and management are provided.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To investigate the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activate receptor γ(PPARγ) in the kidneys of rats at different ages, so as to study the possible association of PPARγ expression with oxidative stress in the aging process. Methods: Rat aging model was established using 3-, 12-, and 24-month old rats. Western blotting was used to determining the protein expression of PPARγ. The changes anti-oxidative ability of renal tissue were studied by determining the activities of superoxidedismutase(SOD) and glutatio-neperoxidase(GSH-PX). Results: Western blotting assay showed that the renal expression of PPARγ protein decreased with the aging of rats,with that of 3-month group significantly higher than that of the 24-month group(P<0.01). The activities of SOD and GSH-PX deceased with the aging of rats(P<0.01). Both the SOD activities were positively correlated with the expression of PPARγ protein(r=0.90, r=0.89, P<0.01) Conclusion: Renal PPARγ has a decreasing tendency during the aging process of rats, which is correlated with the down-regulation of anti-oxidative ability of renal tissue.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To observe the effect of Rosiglitazone (RGTZ) on oxygen free radical and biochemical parameters of aged rats, so as to establish a basis for anti-aging study. Methods: The 24-month-old naturally aged SD rats were randomly divided into the control group (CONT), the RGTZ group and the caloric restriction group(CR). The RGTZ group was given intragastric administration of RGTZ (4 mg · kg-1 · d-1) and the CR group was given 60% of the diet that of the CONT group. The rats were killed 12 weeks later and the serum malondialdehyde(MDA) content, superoxide dismutase(SOD) activity and the blood biochemistry parameters were examined. Results: The blood glucose (GLU), aspartate transaminase (AST), alamine transaminase(ALT), serum creatinine (SCr), and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) were within the normal range in all groups. Compared with the CONT group, blood cholesterol (CH) in RGTZ group was lower, but with no significant difference. The serum triglyceride(TG) of both RGTZ and CONT groups decreased markedly than those in the CONT group(P<0.05). The activities of SOD and MDA were improved in RGTZ and CR group compared with the control group. Conclusion: RGTZ can regulate the lipid metabolism and attenuate the oxidative damage in aged rats, indicating its anti-aging effect.
ABSTRACT
Aim To observe the effect of hemodialysis on pharmacokinetics of sparfloxacin in thepatients contracting chronic renal failure. Methods Sparfloxacin concentrations inserum and urine of hemodialysis and non-dialysis patients were measured with a highperformance liquid chromatography method after administration a single oral dose of 200mg sparfloxacin. The pharmacokinetic parameters were computed with the programPKBP-N1.Results The main pharmacokinetic parameters in hemodialysis group wereT1/2(ka) - (1. 25 ?0. 57) h, T1/2(?) = (11. 88?4. 13) h, Tpeak = (4. 18 ? 0. 78) h,Cmax = (0.80 ? 0. 17) mg? L-1 and AUC0-= (6. 90 ? 3. 25) mg?h?L-1, while innon-dialysis group were T1/ 2(ka) = (1. 12 ? 0. 42) h, T1/ 2(?) = (15. 93 ? 5. 20) h, Tpeak =(3. 88 ? 0. 75) h, Cmax = (0. 69 ? 0. 37) mg?L -1, AUC0-= (10.05 ? 4. 13) mg?h?L-l. The original sparfloxacin discharge rats in urine within 24 h were (8. 98 ? 3. 92) % and(10. 58 ? 5. 64) % separately. T1/2(?) and AUC in hemodialysis group were markedly lowerthan in non-dialysis group (P